S1.15: Volcanic Degassing: Insights into Volcanic Processes, Impacts and Hazard

Convener(s)

Giuseppe Salerno

Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Italy
giuseppe.salerno@ingv.it

Pasquale Sellitto

Department of Sciences and Technology, Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
pasquale.sellitto@u-pec.fr

Volcanoes release gas and aerosol particles into the atmosphere during eruptive episodes and by quiescent emissions. Volcanic degassing exerts a dominant role in forcing the timing and nature of unrests and volcanic eruptions. Understanding the behaviour/exsolution of gases dissolved in magma, and measuring their emissions is crucial to characterise eruptive mechanism and evaluate impacts on health, atmospheric composition and environment. Emissions range from silent exhalation through soils to astonishing eruptive clouds that release gases and particles into the atmosphere exerting a strong impact on the Earth’s radiation budget and climate over a range of temporal and spatial scales. Volcanic sulphate aerosols may lead to decrease in Earth’s surface temperatures for years, and emitted halogens can perturb atmospheric chemistry. Through direct exposure and indirect effects, volcanic emissions may influence local-to-regional air quality, seriously affect the biosphere and environment, and the release of gas from soil may pose long-term health-hazards. Gases are measured and monitored via a range of in-situ and remote sensing techniques, to gain insights into both the subterranean-surface processes and quantify the extent of volcano’s impacts. Modelling of the subsurface and atmospheric processes, as well as laboratory experiments, are fundamental to the interpretation of the field-based and satellite observations. This session focuses on the state of the art and multi-disciplinary science concerning all aspects of volcanic degassing and impacts of relevance to the volcanology, environment, atmospheric/climate science and hazard assessment. We invite contribution discussing how we go from observations to synoptic understanding of volcanic processes and their impacts.Core connection between the proposed session and societal risk mitigation: health, atmospheric composition and environment.

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